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- Genome Technology Program2
- Impact of Genomic Variation on Function (IGVF) Consortium3
- Molecular Phenotypes of Null Alleles in Cells (MorPhiC)1
- NHGRI Genomic Data Science Analysis, Visualization and Informatics Lab-space (AnVIL)1
- Genomics Research to Elucidate the Genetics of Rare Diseases (GREGOR) Consortium1
- Developmental Genotype-Tissue Expression (dGTEx)1
Educational Resources
The instructions in a gene that tell the cell how to make a specific protein.
Fact Sheet
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential molecule that performs many roles in the cell, from carrying the instructions to make proteins to regulating genes.
… have already identified over 150,000 unique mRNAs in human cells, which is over seven times the number of genes in the … a protein) that is found in a virus. When the mRNAs enter cells in the body, the cells use the mRNAs to produce virus proteins and display …
For Teachers
A microbiome is all of the genetic material found in a microbe, such as a bacterium, fungal cell or virus.
Educational Resources
A cytogeneticist is a geneticist who specializes in the study of chromosomes and the structure and function of the cell.
Educational Resources
Cytogenetics is the branch of genetics that studies the structure of DNA within the cell nucleus.
Educational Resources
Cloning is the process of making identical copies of an organism, cell, or DNA sequence.
News Release
In a large-scale study of people from diverse ancestries, researchers narrowed down the number of genomic variants that are strongly associated with blood lipid levels and generated a polygenic risk score to predict elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, a major risk factor for heart disease.
… identification of genomic variants associated with blood lipid levels. … In a large-scale study of people from … of genomic variants that are strongly associated with blood lipid levels and generated a polygenic risk score to …  Lipids are fat-like substances that can be found in blood and body tissues. They come in two major forms — …
Educational Resources
A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes.
Educational Resources
Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent.
… of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells, with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair. Humans are diploid, and most of the body’s cells contain 23 chromosomes pairs. Human gametes (egg and sperm cells), however, contain a single set of chromosomes and are …
Educational Resources
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses.
… are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses. … Nucleotide, Genetic Code, DNA, … are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses. A major function of nucleic acids involves … Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, encodes the information cells need to make proteins. A related type of nucleic acid, …